Experimental Study on Surfactant-assisted Filtration of Daye Copper Concentrate (I)
The test data was analyzed as follows. (1) Table 4 shows that the addition of surfactant-type filter aids has an effect on the stage of cake formation, but the degree of influence is not large, which is consistent with the conclusions [1] contained in the general literature. (2) Comparing the data of Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 and Table 4, it can be seen that the filter aid of the surfactant is mainly manifested in the dehydration stage after the formation of the filter cake. At this time, in a certain range, the filter cake continues with time. The water content is continuously reduced, which can be used as a reference for determining the filtration time in production. (3) Increasing the filtration pressure difference can improve the dewatering effect of the filter cake to a certain extent, but the effect of increasing the pressure difference under the low filtration pressure difference is better than that under the high filtration pressure difference, and the law is similar to the addition of flocculating aid. Large differential pressures improve filtration and are limited. (4) Different surfactants have different effects on reducing the moisture content of the filter cake, which is related to its structure and composition. Copper concentrate filtration process Daye iron ore deposits, TS-1, TS-2 is the best effect, which is therefore a synergistic effect of the mixed agents; TS-2 with a short time into a cake containing flocculant type promoter Filter related. Table 4  Effect of surfactant on filter cake formation Filtration pressure difference / MPa No pharmacy TS-1 TS-2 Mixed amine TX-10 Sodium naphthenate t/s W/% t/s W/% t/s W/% t/s W/% t/s W/% t/s W/% 0.053 0 16.9 28 16.2 25 16.4 30 16.6 29 16.7 31 16.6 0.067 20 16.7 18 15.9 15 16.1 twenty one 16.2 20 16.3 19 16.3 0.08 15 16.6 14 15.8 15 16 16 16.1 15 16.1 16 16.1 Note: t is the filter cake formation time, and W is the water content when the filter cake is formed.    3.5 Influence of slurry concentration on filter aid The test conditions were 40%, 50%, 60%, respectively, and the filtration pressure difference was 0.080 MPa, the same as before. The test results are shown in Table 5. [next] Table 5   Effect of slurry concentration on filtration Slurry concentration Filter cake moisture Unmedicated TS-1 TS-2 Mixed amine TX-10 Sodium naphthenate 40 17.2 14.4 14.5 15.4 15.5 15.7 50 16.9 14.2 14.1 15.2 15.3 15.5 60 16.7 13.9 13.9 15 15 15.2 The results in Table 5 show that the slurry concentration has an effect on the dewatering result. Whether the filter aid is added or not, the filter cake moisture decreases with the increase of the slurry concentration, but the effect of adding the filter aid is slightly more. Therefore, increasing the slurry concentration is one of the filtration enhancement measures that can be taken under possible conditions. Table 6   Filter cake moisture when using different dosing methods and filtration forms  % Pharmacy name Dosing method Filter form Add directly to the slurry Spray rinsing as the filter cake is just formed Internal filter Outer filter TS-1 14.5 14 14.4 14.4 TS-2 14.4 13.8 14.3 14.5 Mixed amine 15.2 14.9 15.3 15.1 TX-10 15.3 14.8 15.4 15.3 Sodium naphthenate 15.5 15 15.5 15.6 4 Conclusions (1) The filter aid of surfactants is mainly manifested in the dehydration stage of the filter cake, and the longer the time in a certain range, the better the effect, and the lower the moisture content of the filter cake. Different types of surfactants have different effects on the dehydration process. (2) In the filtration of copper concentrate of Daye Iron Mine, adding mixed surfactant TS-1 or TS-2 at 140g/t or 125g/t can obtain good filtration effect, and the water content of the filter cake decreases after adding. 3 percentage points. (3) Add TS-2 at 125g/t in the copper concentrate of Daye Iron Mine, and use separate addition and spray leaching technology to reduce the moisture content of copper concentrate cake by more than 3 percentage points.
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3.4 Effect of dehydration time and filtration pressure difference on the filtration aid test The test conditions are as follows: the various dosages are added according to the preferred dosage obtained in the previous section, the dehydration time is 4 min, and the pulp pH is 10.0. The test results are shown in Table 4 and Figure 4, Figure 5, and Figure 6. 
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3.6 Effect of Dosing Mode and Filtration Form on Filtration Process The test conditions are as shown in Table 6 except for the slurry concentration of 50%. The surfactant component in TS-2 was sprayed and rinsed on the filter cake during formation. It can be seen from the test data in Table 6 that although there is a difference in the moisture of the filter cake when different materials are used in the production, it is not shown in the laboratory; the different filtering methods have different filtering effects, and the filter cake is used. The washing method can increase the degree of water drop, especially when the TS-2 is added separately. 