· The auto industry must eliminate the automobile industry policy?
Where will the auto industry in the reform and transformation be exerted, and how will it be exerted? This is not only a big proposition about industrial development, but also closely related to every participant in the automotive society. Starting from this issue, "Car Viewpoint" will focus on three hot topics in the reform of the automotive industry in three phases. In this issue, we discuss the legalization of automobile legalization and industrial policy. Protective Coatings,Protective Coatings With Modified Silica,Silica Fume For Protective Coatings,Marine Protective Coatings Henan Minmetals East New Materials CO. LTD. , https://www.silicon-materials.com
Legalization is a popular term on the Tianjin TEDA Forum that ended not long ago. Under the background of decentralization and decentralization, legalization will undoubtedly be a new main line affecting the development of the automobile industry in the future. From this perspective, anti-monopoly, anti-corruption and other recent industry hotspots can also have a more systematic understanding. However, along with the thinking of legalization, a problem has surfaced: has the industrial policy that has been in place for 20 years, is it at the time of cancellation?
The shortcomings of industrial policy are new problems and old contradictions. From the "Industrial Policy of the Automobile Industry" in 1994 to the "Automotive Industry Development Policy" in 2004, in the past 20 years, the two industrial policies have witnessed the process of the automobile industry from the start to the rapid development. It also brought a variety of disputes including production access, joint-stock ratio, mergers and acquisitions, market-changing technology, brand management methods, and new energy technology routes. In a sense, the current debates surrounding the development of the automotive industry are directly related to industrial policies.
It should be acknowledged that the current brilliant achievements in the global market of 22 million vehicles in the automotive industry and the important position of the national pillar industry are inseparable from industrial policies. Chen Bin, former director of the Industry Coordination Department of the National Development and Reform Commission, witnessed the introduction of two industrial policies. According to him, there were dozens of policies on automobile management between different departments of the country. In this case, the introduction of industrial policies was effective. It regulates government management and avoids cross-cutting policies between departments. In addition, in the opening up to the outside world, the Chinese stocks have maintained a red line of no less than 50%, and reserved positions and stage for the development of China's automobile industry.
It is undeniable that with the development of the automobile industry, the inadequacies of industrial policies have gradually emerged. In my opinion, this deficiency can actually be attributed to two factors. On the one hand, the current industrial policy has not adapted to the development of the automotive industry, especially the new changes and new problems in the rapid development of the automobile industry in the past decade. After the introduction of the automobile industry policy in 2004, the automobile industry has reached a new level almost every year. The domestic automobile production and sales jumped from the level of 5 million in 2004 to the level of 22 million in 2013. In this context, regardless of the market environment, technical level, and consumer guidance, related supporting facilities planning, the automobile industry policy introduced in 2004 is not competent. Although the automobile industry policy was revised in 2009, only some of the articles in the chapter on import management were abolished, and they were not fully adjusted according to changes in the automobile industry.
On the other hand, there are always inherent contradictions between the planned economic traces of some of the provisions in industrial policy and the market-oriented automobile industry, especially with the further marketization of the domestic auto industry after joining the WTO. It also makes this contradiction more and more prominent, and this is undoubtedly restricting the vitality of the development of the automobile industry. The director of the Industry Coordination Department of the National Development and Reform Commission, Nian Yong, summarized the shortcomings of the macro management of the automobile industry as "more management links, more levels, prior approval, and post-light supervision."
The top-level design of automobile legalization and industrial policy does not conflict. With the party's 18th session, the third party has proposed that the legalization will comprehensively deploy the country's comprehensive deepening reform, and the legalization of the automobile industry has gradually surfaced. In fact, whether it is the anti-monopoly of the automobile industry or the anti-corruption storm surrounding FAW-Volkswagen not long ago, it is the real action of the automobile industry in promoting legalization.
Similarly, legalization has also provided a new way of thinking for the management of the automotive industry. Yon Yong said at the TEDA Forum: "To change the past macro management model, let management gradually move toward the track of legalization. We are studying to make the law cover the whole process of the life cycle of the automobile industry. The law will be a mandatory, long Effective mechanism to regulate the entire automotive industry, covering the entire process of production and the entire life cycle."
In some people's view, legal management and administrative management are incompatible with each other, so the above-mentioned speech led by the competent government department is also considered to be a strong evidence that industrial policy is about to be abolished. However, in my opinion, such an interpretation is somewhat lopsided.
First, the industrial status of the automotive industry determines the need for top-level design and policy guidance. Legal management and administrative management are indeed a pair of contradictions, but industrial policy is not only an administrative management tool, it is also a guide to the development direction of the automobile industry. While market-oriented development can fully exert the power of invisible hand, the automobile industry, as an important pillar of the national economy, one of the indicators of technological level and global competitiveness, and closely related to national strategic security and national life, is obviously inseparable. "Top-level design". The automobile industry policy is the most important "top-level design" of the country in the development of the automobile industry. In fact, according to Fu Yuwu, the chairman of the China Automotive Engineering Society (click to view the latest news), even if the automobile industry is like the United States, Japan, and Germany, the government is not completely without relevant guidance, but they are not called industries. policy. In addition, in the promotion of new energy vehicles, governments have introduced relevant subsidy policies. The application of this non-marketization means also illustrates the necessity of the “top design†of the automobile industry.
Second, the process of legalization requires a long-term process, so the loosening of industrial policies is not likely to happen overnight. Even if the "top-level design" part of industrial policy is put aside, only discussing the management clauses for the automotive industry and phasing out before the relevant regulations are improved will also have a negative effect on the development of the automobile industry. Take the "Automobile Brand Sales Management Measures" (hereinafter referred to as "Measures"), which is widely criticized by the industry as an example. In the case of Yan Jinghui, deputy general manager of the Beijing Asian Games Village Auto Trading Market, in the current situation, the cancellation of the "Measures" will take The chaos in the market and the damage to consumer rights.
Finally, in some respects, industrial policy is not too much, but it is not enough. When talking about the problems of existing industrial policies, many government officials and industry analysts have clearly mentioned that “the support for independent brands is not enoughâ€, and the solution is not to abolish industrial policies, but to target existing policies. Sexual revision. Against the background that the market share of self-owned brand passenger cars has dropped for 12 months, the cancellation of industrial policies may become the last straw to crush its own brands. Zheng Xinli, executive vice president of China International Economic Exchange Center, believes that the automobile industry policy needs to be revised as necessary, and encouragement of independent brands, new energy sources and exports should be increased. Zhao Changwen, director of the Industrial Economics Research Department of the Development Research Center of the State Council, said that a basic way of reform is to encourage the development of industries through necessary policy guidance, policy support and policies. Therefore, industrial policies will continue to exist for some time. Of course, what kind of policies can better realize the encouragement of independent brands, and still need the relevant departments to fully demonstrate.
Conclusion The guiding role of industrial policy is not inconsistent with the general direction of legal reform. Therefore, the clarification of the legalization of the automobile industry cannot simply be seen as a signal to end industrial policies. On the contrary, ignoring the strategic particularity of the auto industry and the market-oriented vision described in the status quo of independent brand development can only be a castle in the air.